Biology Properties of water lab Essay

ProcedureThe independent variables for this experiment argon the types of piss solutions used. The dependent variable is the simmering temperature of the wet which will be careful by a thermometer. The control convention is the water. The constants are the Stove top and sum of water used in sever tout ensembley solution the starting temperature of the water and the Pot.1. rain cats and dogs 2 cups of water in the fume institute 1 tablespoon of prick then stir it up until all moolah is dissolved. 2. Turn on the stove, ascertain the stove to its highest setting, place the quite a little on and time it with a stopwatch. leger the time and temperature of the solution as soon as it begins to fag. Record the data on your table. 3. Rinse pot vigorously to reach impurities, and allow the stovetop to cool. 4. Pour 2 cups of water in the pot add 1 tablespoon of saltiness and stir. Repeat locomote 2 and 3. 5. Pour 2 cups of water in the pot then add 1 tablespoon of water . Repeat graduation 2.ObservationsWhen simmering the water it was quite comminuted and clear. There was no smell to it0 when boiling the salt water it was cloudy and the keister of the pot was coated with salt. When boiling the sugar water it was cloudy but no residue was left in the pot. expirationBased on the graphs water has the highest boiling point over both salt and sugar water. The sugar water took the around energy to begin to boil and the salt water took the least as the shake up evaporated some of the salt, which was left coating the pan. I dont think we traded the amnionic fluid boiling point by adding a new substance but we did change how fast it would come to a boil by making it more or less dense.

Important Soft Skills for University Essay

Competition for jobs is actually tight mature now due to the legion(predicate) pot who keep back for jobs or at to the lowest degree the capacity of unravelers. Of strain the graduates pass on dress and will compete with the graduates themselves or bran-new(prenominal) college graduates. Thus scholars should prep ar themselves to compete originally and after it passed in vexting a better job.Develop grievous giftednesss be the main answer to success in getting the job. However, it is not enough inviolable aptitude capabilities, but must be balanced with the readiness of spongelike skills in wreaking the challenges while doing the work. By Admin work world believe that pitying resources ar superior to those who not unless swallow hard skill proficiency, but withal an expert in fleecy skill aspects.Added as head as, that the world of fosterage, revealed by research at Harvard University by the United States turns a mortals success is not compulsive solely by the knowledge and technical skills (hard skills), but more by the aptitude to manage ourselves and others ( flocculent skills). From the above, we erect wager that the immenseness of hard skills and downlike skills for any ane who wants to get or when doing the work. Thus required that all(prenominal) bookman should improve the hard skill and easygoing skill in preparing for the world of work during their studies.This is in line with the high rendering Long Term Strategy 2003 2010 (Directorate usual of Higher breeding, 2004) which was mused by the Ministry of Education clearly states that the role of high genteelness in increasing the competitiveness of nations is bouncy given the level of competition of mankindity resources in the issue labor jelletplace and International continues to increase with increasing practical application of science and new technologies in mingled fields of business, as puff up as the involve for a level of profession alism (knowledge, hard skills, wacky skills) ar high(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal). blue skills  downy skills ar personal attributes that enhance an mortals interactions, c atomic lean 18er prospects, job accomplishment and cultivation. hushed skills complement hard skills, which atomic number 18 the technical requirements of a job, education and more or less(prenominal) other activities. Soft skills be skills that effectuate up how pack interact with other people, and similarly intrapersonal and interpersonal skills, much(prenominal) as ones lieu, discourse skills, conviction circumspection abilities, cleverness to work under pressure. Soft skills dope be said to corporate all aspects of generic skills that include the cognitive elements associated with non-academic skills.The reorientation of education which is one groundworkalize of education for sustain skill alike relates the importance of these supposed modest skills. Vast r esearch and expert opinions score been sought in the essay to determine the special flossy skills to be implemented and used in high institutions of acquisition such as university level. ground on the research findings obtained, seven muted skills necessitate been identified and chosen to be implemented in all institutions of high learning here and university assimilator. They argon * communicatory skills. * Thinking skills and Problem solving skills.* team up work force. * Life-long learning and Information Management. * enterpriser skill. * Ethics, moral and professionalism. * Leadership skills. Each of the easygoing skills comprised of some(prenominal) sub-skills. These sub-skills be divided into twain categories of implementation. The first kin delineates the cracked skills that every individual must have and the arcminute category represents low-keyed skills that ar in force(p) to have. Despite the emphasis cosmos put on the cracked skills that must be present, it is too encouraged to inculcate the kookie skills that atomic number 18 vertical to have. either elements of soft skills must be acquired by severally individual student and evaluated trenchantly and comprehensively. Soft skills must be acquired by each and every individual in the institutions of higher learning with give away which, the student is regarded as left-handed in the above skill. Soft skills buns be regarded as the additional generic skills and a bonus to the student. It can be observed that education is an essential spear for achieving sustainability for university student such as intercourse skills.Communication skills are essential for the make future career of a student. In todays competitive world, chat skills in business are the almost sought after quality of an improve person. Reading, piece and arguingening carefully are the three most crucial dialogue skills for students. These skills like most of the communication skills sounds in like manner familiar as a response of which we take them for granted. As regards reading and constitution, the only thing that we need to tackle is to suit with our gro pass ong age and concentration.With these two qualities, it is mathematical to gravel reading, oral communication skills, writing skills and increase Ability to deliver mind clearly, effectively and with bureau either viva voce or in writing. A power from reading and writing presentations, reports and speeches are a pick of university curriculum. This makes expressive skills and managing skills to a fault heavy for a university student. It is also authorized to spud communication skills in relationships. FINDINGS 1. Soft skills that are important for university student.Communication skills The communicative skills involve effective communication in both the national language and English language in different contexts and with different people. Communicative skills are an integral part of any education system either in higher education or lower education. At this very level, emphasis has been given to vex the communicative skills of individual in university so that by the time they leave university, they are able to move in state-supported community activities and decision making.What is found to be missing in among university student is the neglect of communicative skills. The absence of good communicative skills both(prenominal)how or rather has an cast on the poor presentation of their views and decisions make to gain others confidence and respect. Real communication occurs when we listen with soul to see the expressed call backer and attitude from the other persons shoot for of view, to sense how it feels to him, to achieve his frame of indication in regard to the things he is talk about. Carl Rogers (1952, p. 3) As we can see if students apply these skills, student able to deliver idea clearly, effectively and with confidence either orally or in writing, moreov er, student also can communicate with individual from a different cultural desktop. Thus, this is a good time to reorientate the curriculum of higher institutions to embed communicative skills more effectively. little Thinking and Problem Solving Skills This skill includes the ability to think captiously, creatively, innovatively and analytically.It also involves the ability to apply knowledge and understanding to new and different problems as well. The particular opinion skills, skills to organize and furnish data and information, skills to formulate questions and the ability to analyze issues that confront communities are greatly addressed in the reorientation of basic education. The following are approximately examples of skills that are similar to the soft skills being emphasized in the university curriculum. The ability to think about systems (both natural and social sciences).* The ability to think in time-to forecast, to think ahead, and to plan. * The ability to think critically about survey issues. * The ability to separate number, quantity, quality and values. All the above skills are important and students will require them as adults. The Skill of congregation Work The ability to work with people from different social cultural background to achieve a common goal. Students are encouraged to play their role in the convocation and to respect opinions and attitudes of others in the group.They are also expected to contribute to the group plan and coordinate the group park track besides being responsible to the group decision. If the future human neat can attain these skills, we can be quiet assure that the future generation for university student will collaborate ideas and cooperate a parturiencyforce towards the well-being of the nation. 2. Reason why some university student are not ply with the soft skills According to the former Higher Education Minister Datuk Mustapa Mohamed, the failure of graduates get jobs is because they do not h ave the soft skills required employer.He said that away from poor command of English, is narrow-minded graduates, no leadership, a sense of belonging and no communication skills. In the dialogue amidst the Ministry of Higher Education and employers in the country, many a(prenominal) say not employed university graduates because they have no soft skills (Bernama, 2007). as we see the dialog above, students nowadays less icon to soft skills such as writing strategy, communication and critical thinking strategies, in addition, shoddy command of English is also included in the factor of deficiency of communication skills among university students.The next factor is, some students lack the confidence to speak in public, this is because, they afraid that they will mistakenly say, or embarrassed to talk and lack of eagerness in an assignment or presentation. other(a) factors such as poor critical thinking can also be seen among university students, because students are not applying a byplay or complacency of what the students own doing. Next, students are also less skilled organize, interpret data and information in some of the tasks assigned by the lecturer, this made the task is not complete and does not meet what is required by the lecturer.In this situation, we do not also have to hellish the student, the university should also encourage students to apply soft skills in themselves. 3. Some efforts are made to develop students soft skills There are many ways of improving soft skills. One of them is through with(predicate) learning by doing. Besides the soft skills can be honed and improved by following the nurture and management seminars. Although, one powerful way to improve the soft skills by interacting and doing activities with others. take place the organization is one way to interact with others. In order to develop the attributes of soft skills in university students, self-evaluation is required of every student of the power which is currently o wned, as well as weaknesses. The students were given a questionnaire that contains the attributes of soft skills. Then fill it with a mark which had enough they have and which ones still need to be developed. Attributes that appear in the list of the most visible attributes so which ones have the highest mode to be developed.Then a course where a student are reviewing the survey of his study programme, and seeks to combine the expectations of students, expectations and resources in the institution. Thus be selected several important attributes that need and developed for his students. Development of soft skills in university can also be done through the learning surgical process and student activities in extra-curricular activities or co-curricular activities. well-nigh importantly, this is not material soft skills rote but practiced by individuals who are learning or who want to develop it.By the time students want to develop interests and talents in the field of sports for exa mple, often inadvertence sports activities always focus on the techniques of how to win the match to be performed by the students. scruples must be developed to be able to govern themselves and to interact with others. moreover RECOMMENDATIONS amaze for implementing soft skills in higher education A holistic mount is used to plan and implement the soft skills among students of higher education.This overture is based on the combination of several programs and main activities lump teaching method and learning activities (include all curricular and co-curricular elements), support programs (academic and non-academic focused) and the students campus life. In general, the development of soft skills among the students via the formal teaching and learning activities takes two models which is stand whole and enter. Stand wholly Subject Model This model uses the approach of training and providing opportunities to students to develop soft skills through specific courses that are car efully plan for this purpose.Usually, these subjects are offered as university courses such as English language, entrepreneurship, and elective courses such as public speaking, critical thinking. The courses in this category are often a part of the overall requirements that make up the program. The number of courses and credits in this category depends on the curriculum design and the requirements of the program. The stand only subject model can also be initiated by encouraging students to sign-up several additional courses which can be lay in to be a minor course which is different from the initial program signed-up.For example, a student who is pursuing an engineering program is encouraged to take minor courses in management or mass communication. However, such an approach will require an increase in the number of credits and time spent for the particular program. Embedded Model This model uses the approach of embedding the soft skills in the teaching and learning activities ac ross the curriculum. It does not require the student to take supernumerary courses as in the stand alone subject model.Instead the students are adept to master the soft skills through diverse formal teaching and learning activities that are planned and carried out using specific strategies and methods. In this way, the content and learning outcomes to be achieved for the single courses are maintained. The learning outcomes associate to the soft skills will be corporate and be part of the learning outcomes of the respective courses. This is the suggested model to be implemented in all the courses for the different programs in institutions of higher learning.Each element of soft skills is spelled out in the learning outcomes and then translated into the instructional plan for the semester. This is followed by implementing several teaching and learning activities such as questioning, company discussion, brain storming, team work, presentation, role play and simulation, project, field work and site visits. In general, the development of soft skills using the embedded model requires the expertise of the lecturers to use the sundry(a) teaching strategies and methods that are entirely student-centered.It also involves active teaching and learning and students should participate actively in the activities. Some of the take over strategies and methods that are practical include learning by questioning, cooperative learning, problem-based learning (PBL), and e-learning. result To live to the challenge of globalization which is in line with the era of information economy, the intensity of a nation is strongly helpless on the ability of its citizen to be highly intellectual and skillful. The development of human capital in university student is thus important and necessary since it drives the nation to the envision vision and mission.Without a quality human capital, a nation will be weak as there is no human factor that is capable to embark on new initiatives and perspectives. A quality human capital comes from a quality education process. A carefully designed and well planned education system is critical to developing such human capital. Thus, institution of higher learning plays a very important role to produce a human capital that is highly erudite and skillful to meet the demand and expectations of many people.The teaching and learning processes in institutions of higher learning should be capable to provide such knowledge and skills to future graduates. We can see good results and positive when university students acquire or emphasize soft skills in themselves. (2511 Words) Reference Groupfenglish, (27 May 2011). The important of soft skills development in education. Online. Available http//blogs. funiber. org/formacion-profesor/2011/05/27/the-importance-of-soft-skills-development-in-education/ Vishal jain, (22 February 2009). Important of soft skills development in education.Online. Available http//schoolofeducators. com/2009/02/ importance-of-soft-skills-development-in-education/342 TITLE withdraw AND immensity OF SOFT SKILLS. Dr. A. Muthumanickam,. Reader,. Department of Education, Madurai Kamaraj University. http//dspace. unimap. edu. my/dspace/bitstream/123456789/5819/1/NEED%20AND%20IMPORTANCE%20OF%20SOFT%20SKILLS. pdf Chapter in a Book by More than Three Authors S. Sivagnanachelvi. (2008). English For oral examination Communication Communication (Second Edition). Open University Malaysia (OUM) Dr greet Tai Kwon.

'Religion & Economic Development Essay\r'

'New creative activity colonies located on the American continent alter in their frugal opportunities which rear up the basis of what the colony would get under ones skin overall. Each region differed in the patterned advance of their colonial system, based heavily upon on the nation that wished to colonize it. position colonies in upper neon New England and Spanish settlements in the southwesterly regions had individual emphases some(prenominal) apparitionally and sparingally. Puritans from England were seeking refuge, freedom of religion, and economic opportunity hoping to establish long-rooted settlements.\r\nHowever, Conquistadors in the southwestward had eyes gleaming with their quest for â€Å"God, gold, and corona” and sought to lightly influence the land. Thus, these regions were impel guide separate directions, shaping their own religious positions and economic developments. Certainly the most distinguishing gas for colonization in both regions was re ligion. English Puritans sailed to North America’s Atlantic Coast with incentives towards escaping religious persecutions, while the Spanish arrived to convert the indigenous messs to universality.\r\nDuring the â€Å"Great Migration” of the 1630s, no more than twenty thousand Puritans came to mammy fleeing the tendencies of the Anglican Church, and the common mistreatment against them. John Winthrop, the graduation governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, say the Puritans to believe in the idea of the â€Å" city upon a hill”, a guideline of a self-righteous community for the recess of the land. Their definitive objective was to protect their beliefs, doing so by forming a society on the concepts of the Calvinists religion. A s choose group, the Elect, would’ve had to testify a religious conversion picture to vote.\r\nSoon, it became presumable to ministers that there was a rapid worsen in the amount of conversions which significantly stirred the amount of church service members. As a resolution in 1662, the Half-Way Covenant was devised to intromit a partial membership into the church to those who could not testify to the religious experience but were moral members of society. In time, the â€Å"elect” and other members of society had hardly whatever variantity between them. On the contrary, the Spanish settlements in the Southwest were focused mainly on converting the native peoples to Catholicism and take the land’s material, especially unusual metals.\r\nUpon their arrival to the region, the Conquistadores were troubled by the watertight opposition from the indigenous people much(prenominal) as the Aztecs, Mayas, and Incas. Susceptible to the deadly vitiated pox and measles, courtesy of the Old World, poesy of the natives dwindled greatly. Once an iron fist of mark was stabilized, the Roman Catholic mission rapidly became a central institution in the few settlements that had arisen. On the other hand, the Missionaries’ limitations on the native religious practices as s intimately up as the ruthless efforts to Christianize them led to the immediate uprising of the Popes Rebellion or the Pueblo Revolt in 1680.\r\nPueblo rebels extirpated Catholic Churches in the province, killed hundreds of priests and Spanish settlers, which, in turn, lead to the eventual(prenominal) loss of Spanish control of the Southwest region for several years. Not altogether did New England settlements in the Northeast and Spanish colonies in the Southwest vary religiously, they differed economically as well. Primarily, New England’s Puritans cracker bonbon of attention around the agrarian thriftiness all the while the Spanish Conquistadors mark was to attain material wealth much(prenominal) as fine metals.\r\nPreceding the cut and Indian War, the policy of Salutary look across was practiced by the British political science with the hopes of keeping the colonists content as w ell as away from the idea of creating an bail with France. Allowing the colonies to develop without obstructions from across the Atlantic strengthened their economic base. Due to the rocky domain that lacks nutrition, New England in the late seventeenth century relied greatly on a manufacturing economy, opposed to agrarian. The English prospered in the lumber, fishing, and shipbuilding industries.\r\nFor some time, America was able to mint illegally with other countries expanding economic development, do it possible to compete in the world market. However, Spanish Conquistadores had a stronghold on the economic developments in the Southwest. Following the mercantile system theory, Spain concentrated more on exploiting the immanent resources then to establish permanent colonies, delaying economic growth. Not only that, but the Hacienda body structure input the class system which make the Native Americans slaves. Before long, the Spanish prestigiousness and wealth declined ca using major holes in the colonies economies in the Southwest.\r\nTherefore, the English colonies in the Northeast and Spanish settlements in the Southwest varied religiously and economically. Admittedly, members of each region inversely tried to convert the native people who thrived before them even if it was through dissimilar methods. Their purposes for sailing to the New World were the nominate difference. English Puritans came to establish tightly-knit communities free from the religious problems in England. For the Spanish, their goal was to laden their give in wealth and spread Catholicism across the land.\r\n'

'The Industrial Revolution and Romanticism\r'

'The industrial Revolution and the amatory Spirit The Industrial Revolution refers to a series of significant shifts in handed-down practices of agriculture, manufacturing, and transportation, as well as the learning of new mechanical technologies that took place ming conduct with the late 18th and 19th centuries in much of the westward world. During this time, the coupled country, as well as the rest of atomic number 63 and the United States soon after, underwent drastic socio- sparing and pagan changes during this time.These changes in part gave jump-start to the side Romantic spirit, especially in the United Kingdom. During the late 18th century, the United Kingdoms economic system of manual and animal ground labor shifted toward a system of c fit car manufacturing while more readily navigable roads, canals, and railroads for trade began to develop. Steam power underpinned the salient increase in production capacity, as did the rather sudden development of coat tools and complex machines for manufacturing purposes.The Industrial Revolution had a profound effect upon society in the United Kingdom. It gave rise to the working and halfway classes and allowed them to overcome the long-standing economic oppression that they had endured for centuries down the stairs the gentry and nobility. However, while employment opportunities increase for common working people end-to-end the country and members of the middle class were able to become business owners more easily, the conditions workers much labored under were brutal.Further, many of them were still able to live off of the compensation they earned. During this time, the industrial factory was created (which, in turn, gave rise to the new-fashioned city). Conditions within these factories were often begrime and, by todays standards, unethical: children were frequently apply and abused for labor purposes and long hours were inevitable for work. A group of people in the United Kingdom now as the Ululated entangle that industrial enterprise was ultimately cold and took to protesting and sometimes sabotaging industrial machines and factories.While industrialization led to incredible technological developments throughout the westerly world, many historians now argue that industrialization also caused severe reductions in maintenance standards for workers both within the United Kingdom and throughout the rest of the industrialized Western world. However, the new middle and working classes that industrialism had schematic led to arbitration throughout industrial cultures, drastic population increases, and the introduction of relatively new economic system cognize as capitalism.The Romantic Movement real in the United Kingdom in the wake of, and in some flier as a response to, the Industrial Revolution. many another(prenominal) English intellectuals and artists in the former(a) 19th century considered industrialism inhumane and violent and revolted?sometimes quite violently?against what they felt to be the increasingly inhumane and violent mechanization of modern life. Poets such as Lord Byron (particular in his addresses to the House of Lords) and William Blake (most notably in his poem â€Å"The Chimney carpet sweeper”) spoke out?and wrote extensively snag?the psychological and social affects of the Sailor universal resource locator: http://www. Layer. Org/ courses/engaged/ The Sailor Foundation Sailor. Org foliate 1 of 2 newly industrial world upon the individual and felt rearing industrialization to be entirely getting even to the human spirit and intrinsic rights of men. Many English Romantic intellectuals and artists felt that the modern industrial world was harsh and muffled to the senses and spirit and called for a return, both in life and in spirit, to the emotional and natural, as well as the ideals of the pre-industrial past. Sailor uniform resource locator: http://www. Sailor. Org/courses/engaged/ Page 2 of 2\r\n'

'Christianity in the Philippines\r'

'The Philippines proudly boasts to be the only Christian nation in Asia. more(prenominal) than 86% of the population is Roman Catholic, 6% fail to various nationalized Christian cults, and another 2% endure to well over 100 Protestant denominations. In addition to the Christian majority, there is a mobile 4% Muslim minority, concentrated on the southern islands of Mindanao, Sulu, and Palawan.\r\nScattered in isolated mountainous regions, the remain 2% follow non-Western, indigenous beliefs and forms. The Chinese minority, although statistically insignificant, has been culturally influential in influencing Filipino universality with many of the beliefs and practices of Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism (Miller, Religion in the Philippines)\r\nPolitically speaking, laws in the inelegant give all Filipinos the right to learn their own religion based to what their faith believes accordingly. Filipinos hire Christianity as their religion. Why is it so?\r\nChristianity is the na me given over to that definite system of religious belief and practice which was taught by Jesus Christ in the country of Palestine, during the reign of the Roman Emperor, Tiberius, and was promulgated, after its Founders death, for the acceptance of the self-coloured world, by certain chosen men among His followers. At present, it is the largest religion not only in the Philippines yet also in the world with approximately intimately two billion people believing.\r\nIt is difficult to attract the origin of such religion especially when we deal that it has already given a great disturb to many Filipinos all over the country. Many argon devoted doing unbelievable things just to prove their faith. hitherto our politics is having such controversy with the Church at some points in our lives.\r\nThe aim of this research musical composition is to find out how Christianity spread in the Philippines versed how great its impact is to us. As you go encourage reading, you will know t he effects it had brought and their results to the Filipino race.\r\n'

'Brain Tumour Glioblastoma Multiforme Problem Health And Social Care Essay\r'

'Gliob nettoma, which is besides known as spongioblastoma multiforme ( GBM ) is the most common signifier of washstandcerous mental capacity tumor of grownups. It is the highest class ( grade IV ) astrocytomas, tumours that divulge in glial jail cells in the encephalon [ 1,25-27,36 ] . for each one(prenominal) twelvemonth, about five out of 100 000 volume populating in United State be diagnosed with this indisposition [ 28,29 ] . GBM normally affects people who gray-haireder than 50 old ages old although the distemper can happen in patients from all age group [ 2,25,28 ] . Patients fill ictus, concern, visual perturbation and sometimes personality alterations which can do great emotional hurt [ 25,30,31 ] . The mediocre fortitude of GBM patients is hapless, with about 12 to 14 months [ 7 ] . At this minute, the exact causes of GBM still remain vague to the scientists.Figure 1 GBM tumor is normally found in frontage and temporal lobe.Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //ebsco.smartimagebase.com/brain-tumor/view-item? ItemID=4027 cumulative formulate await: 131Possible Treatments operating theater operation is normally the initial measure to handle GBM by taking every oddball much tumor as possible. It is non healing except aims to cut carry out the tumor ‘s size every minute of arc much as possible so that different therapies right afterward the surgery can be more effectual. Furthermore, functional resection Acts of the Apostless to alleviate hydrops by debulking tumor every bit good as being a alleviative intervention for neurological symptoms such as ictus activity [ 7 ] . The surgery includes measuring surgical process craniotomy which removes a subdivision of skull to expose the encephalon underneath in hostel to unclutter the tumor. Besides, patients whitethorn choose to allow optical maser microsurgery or supersonic aspiration to take prisoner their tumors removed.2134Figure 2 Craniotomy\r\nhypertext trans fer protocol: //ebsco.smartimagebase.com/surgical-craniotomy/view-item? ItemID=40345\r\naccumulative Word compute: 242 light beam TherapyNormally, shaft of light therapy ( RT ) is administered instantly after surgery. It whole kit and boodle chiefly by negative the Deoxyribonucleic dot of tumor cells, cleaning any residuary tumor cells after surgical remotion of the tumour [ 3-6,32 ] . A look into has shown that the average fortitude newspaper clipping has increased from 17 hebdomads ( interact with schematic attention ) to 37.5 hebdomads when the GBM patients were treated with RT unaccompanied age junto of BNCU ( c beef upustine ) and RT produced a 40.5 hebdomad average endurance [ 11 ] .\r\n put off 1 disarrange surveies of post-operative shaft of light comp atomic number 18d with no shaft of light therapy in malignant gliomaa [ 23 ]Study [ Ref. ]Study groupRadiation dose Gy/ no. of fractionNo. of patients randomized ( canvass )Median endurance ( hebdomads )Overal l endurance P valueShapiro et al. , 1976 [ 62 ]\r\n computerized axial tomography\r\nRT + CTâ€60\r\n16 ( 16 )\r\n17 ( 17 )\r\n30\r\n44.5\r\nNR\r\nNot important\r\nAndersen, 1978 [ 1 ]\r\nSurgery entirely\r\nRTâ€45/25\r\n57 ( 57 )\r\n51 ( 51 )\r\n15b\r\n23b\r\n‹0.005\r\n excerption at 6 months\r\nWalker et al. , 1978 [ 78 ] vitamin D\r\nSurgery entirely\r\nRTâ€50-60/25-35\r\n42 ( 31 )\r\n93 ( 68 )\r\n14c\r\n36c\r\n0.001\r\nWalker et al. , 1980 [ 79 ] vitamin D\r\nConnecticut\r\nRTâ€60/30-35\r\n111 ( 111 )\r\n118 ( 118 )\r\n31\r\n37\r\n0.003\r\nKristiansen et al. , 1981 [ 36 ] vitamin D\r\nSurgery entirely\r\nRT + / †Connecticutâ€45/25\r\n38 ( 38 )\r\n80 ( 80 )\r\n23\r\n47\r\nNR\r\nSignificant\r\nSandberg-Wollheim et al. , 1991 [ 60 ]\r\nConnecticut\r\nRT + CTâ€58/27\r\n87 ( 87 )\r\n84 ( 84 )\r\n42\r\n62\r\n0.028\r\na CT, chemotherapy ; NR, non reported ; RT, radiotherapy therapy.\r\nB Calculated from endurance curve.\r\n500 Multi- branch canvas that in cluded a ray plus chemotherapy arm. For twain surveies by Walker et al. , only if information from the shaft entirely arm argon shown in Table 2. Kristiansen et Al. reported combined informations from the light beam entirely arm and the light beam plus chemotherapy arm. In each of these surveies, there was a important survival benefit favouring radiation plus chemotherapy compared with no radiation therapy but no important difference in endurance amongst radiation entirely and radiation plus chemotherapy ( informations non shown ) .\r\n full stop Celsiuss Merely topics for the evaluable patients were reported ( 31 patients in the surgery entirely arm and 68 patients in the RT arm ) .\r\naccumulative Word Count: 329\r\nRT is normally administered do external beam radiation but inborn radiation called Brachytherapy is besides possible. Each manner differs in how the radiation beginnings are delivered to the tumour [ 4-6,32 ] . Using IMRT ( Intensity-Modulated Radiation The rapy ) , a machine such as elongate gas pedal delivers precise high-energy radiation doses ( eg: X raies ) to the tumor accu layly and kills the affected cells [ 6,33 ] . approximately patients provide demand the intervention for five to vii hebdomads [ 6,32,34 ] . Typically, most 6000 to 6500 units of radiation are delivered over sevener hebdomads [ 6 ] . In contrast, brachytherapy topographic point the radiation beginnings every bit near as possible to the targeted cells in shorter clip comparison to external radiation. It consists of hot implants in the signifier of catheters or seeds which has impermanent hot beginnings in the tumor [ 8 ] .\r\nFigure 3 Brachythrapy\r\nhypertext transfer protocol: //ebsco.smartimagebase.com/brachytherapy/view-item? ItemID=24923\r\nBesides, stereotactic radiosurgery, a noninvasive mode of presenting an intense and foc utilize dosage of radiation to a little country can be used for GBM excessively. Treatment dose is individualized but th e usual dosage is about 2500 units of radiation per intervention [ 6 ] . Other signifiers of radiation intervention such as installing of inflatable balloon incorporating liquid radiation or interpolation of monoclonal antibodies tagged with hot substances may be used [ 8 ] .\r\n additive Word Count: 519ChemotherapyChemotherapy may be given(p) after surgical resection and radiation. In this therapy, chemotherapeutic medicates tour an of import function in impacting retroflexing cells by damaging the Deoxyribonucleic acid of these cells. The most normally used drugs are carmustine ( BNCU ) , lomustine ( CCNU ) , temozolomide ( Temodar ) and procarbazine. They are classified as alkylating agents which are DNA-damaging drugs. These drugs alkylate the Deoxyribonucleic acid in the tumor cells, doing the dual strands to be cross-linked to each other in an inappropriate manner. This thereby, blocks DNA imitation and bit by bit leads to cell sink [ 4,5,8 ] .\r\nSoon, Gliadel Wafer â € a biodegradable wafer soaked with BNCU is prevailing among the interventions. This is done by engrafting wafers in the pit after surgical remotion of the tumor. The wafers so easy let go of high concentrations of BCNU straight into the tumour country over a pointedness of 2-3 hebdomads. Gliadel does non supply a palliate for GBM but is believed to be capable of protracting endurance. Apart from that, temozolomide is more frequently administered orally on monthly cycle for 6-12 months after surgery and radiation as a care therapy [ 6,8,28,29 ] .\r\nTraditional chemotherapy drugs can be effectual, but most of them do non separate between honorable and tumour cells, thereby forestalling the disposal of high doses to kill the unnatural cells. What is more, their generalised toxicity can do terrible side effects. Targeted therapy drugs like Avastin ( bevacizumab ) are more precise than some chemotherapy drugs and tend to ensure a couple of(prenominal)er side effects. It has be en approved by FDA in 2009 as a new biologic drug to handle GBM. Avastin acts chiefly as an angiogenesis inhibitors by decelerating the outgrowth of new blood vass environing the tumor. It selectively blocks VEGF to suppress the activating of VEGF receptors tyrosine kinases VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 [ 13-15 ] . There are some surveies to turn out that approximately 20-30 % patients with GBM do react to the drugs [ 27 ] .\r\nAccumulative Word Count: 823AGraph 1 Kaplan-Meier endurance curves for patients treated with steroids and ( A ) resective surgery merely, ( B ) resective surgery and radiation therapy and ( C ) resective surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. [ 12 ]BacillusCAccumulative Word Count: 848Social and Economic DeductionsThe trouble to digest with the side effects of the medicines such as sleepiness and hair mischief may do GBM patients to experience down and hurt. They may be easy frustrated by concerns they suffer often or experience suffering and futureless after t he diagnosing [ 34 ] . This could take to well(p) societal impact and would worry the people around them. Furthermore, most of the patients find it hard to return to live due to decrease in productiveness. A make has shown that with 91 % patients were employed before diagnosing, merely 33 % of them continue working after interventions. While health professionals who were still working experience employment alterations such as taking leave of absence to be with their loved 1s for interventions or taking on extra paid work might experience upset and have to fight difficult to get by with the tough life [ 9 ] .\r\nIn order to run a normal life, patients require afford a plentifulness of interventions including hospitalization after surgery which would do great fiscal load. It is estimated that cost of GBM interventions ranged from ˆ10 893 to ˆ125 275 [ 22 ] . Trouble of obtaining insurance makes the precondition even worse. Drugs that are necessary for GBM interventions are overpriced and are normally administered over long period of clip. All this becomes a beginning of depression which affects non merely the patients but their households and friends [ 9 ] .\r\nThe return of GBM after conventional therapy is inevitable. This so creates unstoppable medical crisis every bit good as fiscal hurt to the patients and their households.\r\nAccumulative Word Count: 1084Benefits and HazardsI believe a combination of surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy is the most effectual intervention for GBM presently. In malice of its forecast has remained hapless for the last few decennaries, patients do acquire better after adhering to this standard therapy. Although GBM can non be cured, the patients had have their survival clip prolonged, acquiring a opportunity to pass their last few months with their loved 1s in a meaty manner [ 34 ] . Nevertheless, the interventions do enforce perturbing side effects to human wellness. Despite killing tumour cells, alky lating agents used are considered toxic, ensuing in suppression or lowering of blood counts. They have been associated with important sickness, hair loss, weariness and sterility [ 5 ] . High doses of BNCU may take to damage and home run of the lungs while procarbazine can do raging concern, purgation and numbness. Hence, doses of drugs administered have to be carefully monitored by twist around to avoid taking to unwanted effects. Recently invented drugs temozolomide, has comparatively mild side effects but they are still inevitable [ 6 ] . Meanwhile, hazard of growing acute leukaemia old ages subsequently is increased when patients are exposed to alkylating agents [ 5 ] .\r\nAvastin, a freshly developed drug, provides a more effectual therapy for GBM. However, it potentially creates bleak toxicity, doing the late closed surgical lesion interruptions down. Some use up that the development of toxicity by avastin may skip endurance in some patients when it is added to radioth erapy and temozolomide. Thus, researches on the effectivity and safety of use of avastin should be carried on continually until desirable consequences are obtained [ 20 ] .\r\nIn add-on, the return of the tumor is ineluctable, with the average endurance rate of patients who relapse runing from 3-6 months despite aggressive intervention [ 10 ] . Patients may develop the feeling that the medicines are profitless or may give up because of the impossible side effects and the unstoppable backsliding of disease. This will take to non-adherence to therapy and increase the hazard of mortality.\r\nHowever, in my sentiment, the multimodal treatments I discuss above are still considered the best(p) solution for GBM as they outweigh the hazards by protracting the patients ‘ survival clip.\r\nAccumulative Word Count: 1432Alternate TreatmentsGene therapyAnother promising outpouring of handling GBM is constituent therapy. Herpes simplex computer virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir ( HSV- tk/GCV ) has evolved as a cytotoxic cistron therapy. In this instance, recombinant adenoviral vectors are used to give gilded consequences. Adenoviral HSV-tk ( AdHSV-tk ) is able to assail the residuary dividing tumour cells while go forthing the non-dividing nerve cells unharmed. What ‘s more, it can destroy the malignant neoplastic disease cells through bystander- consequence [ 19 ] . HSV-tk first switch overs GCV to GCV-monophosphate [ 16,17 ] . Then, cellular kinases farther convert this merchandise to GCV-triphosphate which is a hapless substrate for unceasing DNA elongation due to the lacking of 3 ‘ hydroxyl group that is needed to organize phosphodiester bandage in chain-elongation-reaction. Ultimately, nonfunctional Deoxyribonucleic acid fragments are formed, triping programmed cell death in malignant neoplastic disease cells [ 18 ] . Nowadays, AdHSV-tk /GCV is going preferred comparisons to conventional radiation therapy and chemotherapy due to its fewer ina uspicious effects.\r\nFigure 4 The rule of HSV-tk/GCV cistron therapy.\r\nhypertext transfer protocol: //www.gtmb.org/VOL4A/GTMBVOL4AHTML/23_Adachi_files/image001.gif\r\nAccumulative Word Count: 1575\r\nTable 2 Surveies by Sandmair et Al. and Immonen et Al. demo a singular protraction of endurance in patients treated with AdHSV-tk [ 19 ] .\r\nPatients\r\nVector\r\n class\r\nGene Transfer Method\r\nAdverse Effectss\r\nSurvival ( Months )\r\nResponse\r\n'

'Unhealthy Lifestyles and Diet\r'

'An un wellnessy life historystyle means more illness and more outgo to treat those illnesses. This means a bigger result on an already challenged wellnessc be system. Poor health also means more time preoccupied at work, less quality recreational time, and flush shorter life cut across. further the people in this modern daytime scram a mind limit that takes pricy health for granted. One target suffer from historic period of aches and pains, and would respectable ignore them, and then feel so move when cardinal harnesss out one has busted a dear chronic illness.Majorities would usually leave their health to the hand of the doctors, relying on the advance health check technology, medical exam drugs when the fall sick. We gather in the choice to stand firm a healthy lifestyle, merely many chose to live near for today, enjoy life, and most of the time end up suffering in pain with chronic diseases and illnesses. pathologic Lifestyle There argon many factors contribute to the degeneration of health among many people today. We live in a terribly polluted argona.We be all exposed to thousands of toxins and chemicals all(prenominal) day at work, home, in the air, and in the feed that we eat and piss we drink. In addition, we be eating more svelte forages than ever before in human invoice and we eer abuse or bodies with pharmaceuticals We argon continuously bombarded by fast food at all corner. And video games hurt led the majority of teens to buy the farm countless hours in precedent of the television world sedentary.And, as a result of all of this, there exists a generation that is out-of-shape, overweight and obese. Many would dog-tired hours on a couch in front of the picture box go steadying their favorite TV programs, together with several packets of snacks like potato chips and early(a)(a) junk food, and they don’t get up from your butt to move around for the next straddle of hours, and that’s alr ight. Too much junk food being put into childrens hands.Children were introduced to fast food eating place at a very young time by their pargonnt, having been brought up in this surroundings, they grew up spend long hours of their free time there ,chatting with friends, galloping burgers, french fries and cups of Coke, without thinking of how alimentationally deficient foods would uplift their dust, But do children understand that junk food or snacks like potato chips, burgers and fries have high levels of fat, swag or salt and are simply unhealthy? Junk food which contains arrant(a) fat increases melodic phrase cholesterol levels and therefore increases your encounter of affectionateness disease and some cancers.Smoking and drinking are ii big habits that can affect your health and the substance you feel. Smoking, in starticular, is one habit to block if you havent already be defecate it greatly increases the risk of oculus disease and cancer. Alcohol can be fine in moderation, but when you are with some good buddies in a party, you whitethorn drown yourself with glasses of them without realizing how drunk your system is, it also can contribute to residual problems and suppress your appetence, cloging you from eating well. Life is full of stress.Modern life is full of hassles, deadlines, frustrations, and demands. Work can be a stressful place, whether in an office, a factory, or a schooltime. For many people, stress is so commonplace that it has wrick a way of life. Stress isn’t unceasingly bad. whatever stress is good, it can help you discharge under blackjack and motivate you to do your best. But too much stress is bad, when you’re constantly running in emergency mode, your mind and body pay the price. The stress response also helps you filch to meet challenges. Stress is what keeps you on your toes.But beyond a certain point, stress stops being ministrant and starts causing major damage to your health, your moo d, your productivity, your relationships, and your quality of life. long exposure to stress can lead to serious health problems. Chronic stress disrupts nearly every system in your body. It can raise product line pressure, suppress the immune system, increase the risk of heart attack and stroke, contribute to infertility, and speed up the senescence process. Long-term stress can up to now wire the superstar, leaving you more vulnerable to anxiety and slack.Public are generally dependent on medical drugs and are not aware that medical drug aspect effects are dangerous to their health. In the world today, Many people seems to think that they just penury medicines and drugs to solve their health problems, they intend they can ever seek medical assistance,. But what they are not aware of is that these pharmaceutical medications may have authority adverse reactions. Some of the most popular prescription medicine drugs on the market are used for the discussion of arious cond itions such as high cholesterol to depression to rheumatoid arthritis to sexual enhancement. Some of these pharmaceuticals drugs can cause serious problems such as liver damage, muscularity pain and in some cases severe muscular tissue hold out depressed and even death. When you go to a medical doctor and he gives you many packs of pills and capsules in dissimilar colours, shapes and sizes, drugs which are cyanogenetic to your liver and do huffy amours to your health and transfiguration, perhaps you obediently swallow those itty-bitty poisons without considering what they are doing to your body. Polluted EnvironmentThe industrial revolution, technological promotional material and modern transportation have seriously downcast type O levels in our atmosphere. Our obsession with carbon-based discharges for power generators, planes and automobiles consumes gigantic amounts of type O daily. Coupled with this is the huge reduction of our afforest areas and all plant life as th e require for timber and paper continues beyond our production capacity. At the present time, scientists have determined that our atmospheric atomic number 8 niggardliness levels are being reduced by about 0. 8 percent every 15 years or so.Regrettably, at the moment, there is no author to believe that this trend is going to change. noxious stress, toxic chemicals and air pollution (all of which are fitting more prevalent in our industrialized cities), as well as increase use of antibiotics, ruttish stress (which produces adrenaline and adrenal-related hormones that use more oxygen), carnal trauma (reduces circulation and oxygen supply) and infections (the body uses oxygen to champion bacteria, fungi and viruses). Frequent use of drugs also depletes your oxygen supplies at the cellular level.A shortage of oxygen in the billet could very well be the kickoff point for the loss of the immune system and the commence point of health problems like cancer, leukemia, AIDS, seizur es, nerve declivity and candida. Future research will clarify the think between poor people oxygen levels and disease. Initial symptoms of oxygen deficiency may include overall weakness, fatigue, circulation problems, poor digestion, muscle aches and pains, dizziness, depression, memory loss, irrational behavior, irritability, acid back and bronchial complications.When the immune system is compromised by a lack of oxygen, the body is more susceptible to expedient bacteria, viral and para turn onic infections, colds and the flu. Oxygen deprivation can also trigger life-threatening diseases, as underscored by Nobel Laureate Dr. Otto Warburg’s assertion that cancer and other infections or diseases cannot live in an oxygen-rich environment. Poisonous agents from the home base items. Our bodies are absorbing the harmful chemicals surrounding the environment today. It is thus imperative that we c take to the woods up our existent environment as much as possible.Those fixedne ss detergents, soaps, shampoos, toothpastes and perfumes that we uses today contain many chemicals which are toxic to our bodies, some even carcinogenic. Although we dont directly let them, these chemicals are absorbed by our skin, other harmful chemicals such as turpentine, arsenic, insecticides, paints, etc. Again, even though we dont ingest them, we are constantly breathing in their gassy fumes. Lack of Exercise. You just put in a good 10 hour day in front of your computer screen, and the last thing you indigence to do is crop.Lets see, exercise, and improve your fitness level, or sit down with a glass of wine-colored and watch your favorite evening television show. What would you do? cardinal percent of individuals know they should exercise, but choose the wine and the television program instead. Do you know this dewy-eyed daily decision can end up being detri psychogenic to your health? personal effects of freedom fighter eating or skipping meals • Mouth ulcers â₠¬Â¢ Acidity and heart burn • Nausea • Constipation • Lowered course pressure • Elevated uric acid (kidney disease) • stresses brain and body • Fat StorageEating breakfast primes your metabolism and helps set its pace for the day, says Michelle A. Gordine, M. D. , author of the book â€Å"Reclaiming Our Health: A Guide to African-American Wellness. ” By contrast, skipping breakfast puts your body in starvation mode, an energy conservation lay of your bodys metabolic machinery that promotes fat storage and discourages calorie-burning. • Blood bread Skipping meals, particularly breakfast, can wreak massacre on your short letter sugar levels. After fasting overnight, your blood sugar levels may be at their concluding ebb of the day.Skipping this meal can result in hypoglycemia — dangerously low blood sugar — which can cause you to feel dizzy or sleepy and overeat to compensate. A spike in blood sugar from a colossal goo d afternoon meal leads to a late afternoon blood sugar drop, sending you on a blood sugar roller coaster, according to Roberta Larson Duyff, author of the â€Å"American Dietetic Association Complete Food and food Guide. ” Instead, try cutting back on dinner party and shifting the bulk of your calorie intake toward the offshoot half of the day. You may find that eating this way gives you more energy when you need it the most.After doing this for a a couple of(prenominal) days youll naturally become hungry at breakfast time. • Malnutrition Older adults who experience decreased appetite as a function of aging may be in danger of malnutrition from skipping meals, according to dietician Sari Edelstein, Ph. D. , R. D. , author of the book â€Å"Life hertz Nutrition: An Evidence-Based Approach. ” Aging also brings with it decreased intellectual nourishment absorption. The combination of the two is a recipe for electromotive force nutritional deficiencies. Early intervention can prevent weight loss and other serious health consequences, such as osteoporosis and decreased immune function. intellect Function Maintaining even-keeled blood sugar levels ensures that your brain and muscles dumbfound a steady supply of glucose, their preferred fuel source. Eating regular meals results in remediate mental acuity, learning and memory, improved work performance and better strength and endurance. Your attitude toward work or school may also improve and you might find that your demanding boss or that irritating co-worker arent as unreasonable as you previously thought. • Blood bread Drops and Spikes One of the most important reasons that skipping meals is unhealthy is imputable to the affect this has on your blood sugar.When you eat a meal, your body breaks up the food. Some of this food is stored as fat, while other parts of it enter your bloodstream as sugar, and work to provide you with energy passim the day. When you skip a meal, your b lood sugar drops dramatically. This not only can make you feel soggy and tired, but it can also wreck havoc with insulin in your body. If you chronically skip meals, you can be setting yourself up for the development of diabetes later in life. • Inadequate Nutrition Another important reason why skipping meals is unhealthy is due to the fact that you are more than likely not receiving adequate nutrition.Eating a diet that is rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean meats helps not only to ensure that your body functions properly, but can also help in the sermon and prevention of a number of serious conditions. Some conditions that can be improved with proper nutrition include cardiovascular disease, strokes, and some types of cancer. You may believe that you can skip meals and still achieve best nutrition by supplementing your diet with multivitamins. And while multivitamins do have their place, research has shown that these pills arent as effective as real food at providing your body with what it needs.For good health, try to eat as naturally as possible. • Altered Metabolism You typically skip meals for two main reasons. One, you are ultra busy and dont have enough time to grab a agile snack, or two, you are trying to hurt weight. If you are one of the people who are trying to lose weight, you may be rattling sabotaging yourself by skipping meals. When you eat, your metabolism, which is one of your bodys functions, works to break the food down into smaller, operative parts. When you skip a meal, your metabolism has nothing to do. In a way, your metabolism is like a muscle.You moldiness use it, or you will â€Å"lose it. ” When your metabolism does not have to work to break down food, it begins to slow down. Then, the next time you do actually eat something, your metabolism is not able to break the food down as quickly, and as a result the food is stored as fat. Therefore, in shape to follow a healthy weight (or e ven lose weight), it is essential that you eat regularly throughout the day. Recent research has found that five to vii small, regularly timed meals eaten over the course of a day works best when trying to maintain a healthy weight. The Effects of Sleep DeprivationNeurologic Effects Sleep deprivation mimics the effects of drinking alcoholic beverage — you may experience slurred speech and runaway reflexive movements of the eye called nystagmus. You may also develop a slight shakiness or trembling in your hands. Some people even have a more pronounced droopiness in their eyelids, called ptosis. diverse other neurological reflexes can change in sleep deprivation. These are unlikely to causes symptoms you would notice. However, if your doctor were to show them, you may have sluggish corneal reflexes, a hyperactive gag reflex, and hyperactive deep heftiness reflexes.In addition, you may have a reduced room access for seizures. As a result, people with epilepsy are at greate r risk for seizures when theyre sleep deprived. One thing that you may notice right away is an increase sensitivity to pain. Studies have shown our sensitivity to heat and pressure pain is especially enhanced when we don’t sleep enough. Also, there is reported to be an increased sensitivity to pain in our esophagus, as might occur in the setting of nighttime pyrosis Vital Sign Changes Research studies have demonstrate that sleep deprivation may cause tough changes in your vital signs.Vital signs are important physiological markers that are often tracked as part of a general health assessment. These include: • consistency temperature • Blood pressure • Heart rate • external respiration rate • decreased decision-making skills • Poorer memory • Reduced concentration • Reduced alertness • Shortened attention span • Slower than normal reaction time • Poorer sentiment • Reduced awareness of the environme nt and situation • Reduced work efficiency smoking, poor diet, lack of exercise and drinking too much increased the risk of dying by such a large degree that it was the equivalent to being 12 years older.\r\n'

'Twelfth Night: How does Act one, scene 1-3, serve as an effective opening to the play?\r'

'1. How does flirt 1, prognosis 1-3, serve as an impelling arising to the bidding? Comment especially on the imagination in which Shakespe ar establishes the general atmosphere, briny timbers, classic relationships and signalize elements of the briny secret plan and subplot.\r\nIn Act 1, mounts 1-3, thither ar some(prenominal) ways to which these surveys deliver an effective hypothesis to the l understructure. Individually, these prognosiss all(prenominal) serve a disparate human face, which contributes to an effective opening. In Act 1, eyeshot 1, Orsino is introduced into the picture, with his whining and pine towards this adore for Olivia, with much exaggeration, over overdue to the excessive example of tomography, and preys us wizard of the central bow of the do work †transient and complex jockey. Act 1, dead reckoning 2 unwraps genus genus Viola and the Captain, and how Viola appears na�ve, but is in reality a strategist, and plans to disguise her ego to pay protection and as well as get close to Orsino †ca make mapping of a wateriness in gender, identicalness, and functionion. circumstance 3, how invariably, gives us an separate cheek of the tomboy, where churl characters atomic number 18 introduced, vulgarism used, farinaceous jokes cracked, exactly having this crude addition to the tactics. Hence aside, we fag end put one across that these 3 scenes at the beginning of the chance serve as an effective opening to 12th Night.\r\n facet 1 is caste in Duke Orsinos room, who is the Duke of Illyria, a fabricated place. This creates a fairy-tale very(prenominal) impression, with an anticipation that the shutting would be like in fairy tales †happily ever after. This brings antecedent an exotic, unkn protest feeling towards the play, a fairy-tale like atmosphere. In scene 1, the scene starts with Orsinos cries of how whap is torturing him, using a series of imagery, s uch(prenominal)(prenominal) as extended metaphors, personifications, and similes, characterising this play by thick language, and immersing us into the romantic conceit of lie with, and the central radix of fickle admire in this play.\r\nThe speeches he delivers atomic number 18 in verses, and the ending speech ends off effectively with a rhyming duad. The poetry and harmony, the use of sizeable, sensuous imagery of regarder and record, bent a romantic relish of the play. This bunghole be seen evidently from how he begins with ‘If music be the food of rage, play on. This line creates a whim that is suit open for what he is talking well-nigh †adore. In addition, scene 1 is the introduction scene, in which we puke gather many set-back impressions, be it for the characters, or the penning of the play. Hence, from scene 1, our first impression is create that the master(prenominal) depicted object of this play is love that is uncertain, ever changing , unpredictable, fickle, inconstant and transient. This impression is formed from how Orsino is dependent on the mode and feels that the right atmosphere is integral to love. Henceforth, we get an implication that he is much in love with be in love than in love with Olivia, the real, professedly person, arraying that love flock c atomic number 18en in the equatekle of an eye, an important point in respect to the base of operations of this play.\r\nIn scene 1, we be also prone an psyche of the character traits of both(prenominal) Olivia and Orsino. This serves as an effective opening to the play as, the mood of the play is misinform and phantasmagorical. Hence, as both Olivia and Orsino ar exaggerate people who flub in their own feelings rather than genuine feelings for others and Orsino is one who is exaggerated in his use of language, with similes, puns, metaphors and personification, they set the mood straight and grind away us for the type of play we argon exp iry into †a comedy that is amusing and unrealistic. Olivia is seen as exaggerated and highly emotional as she announces that she is going to regret for 7 years, due to the unfortunate death of her upright brother. This public present of mourning gives a adept of the detail that she is wallowing in self- forbearance and at the same time, enjoying the attention. This contributes to the theme of exaggeration and gives a superficial view to the play.\r\nFurther much, Orsinos vociferation of despair is filled with emotion, desire and dejection, and allows us to pity him, just be ridiculed by how he is in love with being in love. This adds to the humour and light-hearted, singular tone of the play, as Orsino is an exaggerated character, and sets us to indulge in this mood of vision, from the ending rhyming couplet Shakespe ar uses to add a tone of romance, and show that love is not dependable, and is ever changing, inconstant. This is shown in the rhyming couplet, ‘ aw ay in the beginning me to sweet beds of f take downs! Love thoughts lie rich when canopy with bowers. This romantic couplet shows how Orsino is dependant on the external environment, so bringing forth the theme of transient love.\r\nAlso, Orsino begins his exclamations with the rallying cry, ‘O. This brings approximately a spirit of languor, and reinforces the unrealistic and comic theme of this play. In addition, both Orsino and Olivias names start with the letter ‘O. This gives a re-emphasis on the dreaminess of this play. Orsinos speech in scene 1 proves to be an effective parting to the opening, firstly, to bring forth the themes of this play, and secondly, to display Orsinos personality, and reinforce the themes of this play, to prep be us for a play that is full of humour and unexpected discoverings. Through this scene, Olivia is comp ared to Orsino, and evidently, they are similar in that they are both exaggerated and emotional, adding to the touch and the me of this play. Inclusive in this play is the start of love in the plot. In this scene, we are told that Orsino is in love, or rather, infatuated with Olivia. Hence, we are advised that the overall atmosphere of this play is that of romance, and uncertain love, love that seems to change at the snap of a finger.\r\nIn the following scene, Viola is introduced into the scene. An effective opening it is, as in this scene, Violas personality wins over ones heart, for she is straightforward, and humourous, and though manipulative, yet gives us an impression that she is a person of action, and in spotigence, and is apt and practical, in a huge furrow to Orsino, who is foolish and emotional. This scene contributes in developing the character, Viola, who is the protagonist of the story, as this scene gives us a clear posture as to what kind of a person Viola is. block out and deceit is also entered in this extra scene. In addition, act 1, scene 2, is set in the outdoors, near the se a. This creates a mood of activeness, and perhaps adds to the theme that love is ever changing, full of action. This could also display the dramatic, stark change, full of impact, adding to the fast and active rate of the play, hence giving a light-hearted, lively, almost ‘bouncy mood of the play. Thereafter, it emphasizes on how the events and demoteings of the play are unpredictable and full of variety, and not monotonous, leaden-moving ones.\r\nThis also sets a contrast amid scene 1 and 2. Also, scene 2 is in a rather heavy tone, in comparison to scene 1, as there is a sense of uncertainness here. Viola does not bash whether Sebastian, her twin brother is alive. She shows optimism, and this serves as a contribution to the effectiveness of the opening of the play, to allow us to show following and look forward to whats happening undermentioned in the play, and anticipate it.\r\nIn addition, in scene 2, Viola introduces one of another(prenominal) central theme of the play †disguise and identity astonishment. This adds to the opening as a absorbest introduction to the play, as we are at a time set with the main themes of this play, in scene 1, of uncertain, ever changing love, and in scene 2, disguise. Disguise is an important aspect of the play, and plays an important part in adding suspense, tension, and climax. It generates several affairing situations to advance the plot, and adds to the comic aspect of this play. Further to a greater extent, it creates confusion and adds to the plot to create and contribute to the overall uncertain and unrealistic theme of the play, and features one to peculiarity about the rest of the play, and continue reading it, due to pursual in the plot.\r\nAlso, at the end of scene 2, Viola is going to be disguised as a eunuch. This is a symbol of gender uncertainty, and shows forth another aspect of the play †confusion over gender. This gender uncertainty is another part that adds to the phylogene sis of an arouse plot. Moreover, in scene 2, a truely testimony of Olivia is described in the speech between the captain and Viola. In this manner, Shakespeare builds credibility for his characters, and displays the fact that main characters must be essentially good to receive in to the light-hearted tone of a comic play. This is an important contribution to the opening of the play, as we do not progress to a bad impression of the main characters for long, but actually grow to like them due to certain characteristics they display. A meaningful part is deep down scene 2, which is how the record of human greed is displayed in the speech convert between Viola and the captain, as the captain is overwhelmed by flattery and agrees to help Viola.\r\n overall in scene 2, we are given an imagination that Viola is involvemented in Duke Orsino, and tries to get close-set(prenominal) to him, creating this love triangle, which moves the plot forward. This impression is formed from â €Å"For such disguise that shall become/The form of my intent”. The intent here refers to how she wants to cover up her true identity and gender, and at the same time, cover up the other hidden intention of getting closer to Orsino. whole these emphasize on the main theme, and give us a better perspective of disguise in the play, contributing both to the plot and effectiveness of the play, with a sense of excitement and gives variety to the plot of the play.\r\n passing on to scene 3, we have been introduced to the main characters of this play †Orsino, Olivia and Viola. Finally, we are introduced to some of the kidskin characters of this play †Sir toby fillpot jug, Sir Andrew and mare. A change from speaking in verses and poetry, to thus in prose, sets us right away to the fact that, these characters we are going to be introduced to contiguous would be electric razor characters, those of a lower class or position, to a greater extent unimportant. This is an ef fective part in the opening, to prepare us well for the play, and inform us that, since these are characters of a lower position, some of their jokes could be more(prenominal) coarse and vulgar, and prepares us for it. This can be seen in many areas, for instance, â€Å"What a plague”, a slang, and â€Å"accost is, former her, board her, woo her, assail her”, in this case, a sexual word play, directing towards Maria and Sir Andrew. Sir toby fillpot jug does this publicly, in front of Maria, showing his uncultured and raw nature. This is all expected, as they are of a lower class, and less refined, and more barbaric in a way.\r\nThis scene is also a much more light-hearted toned scene compared to many other scenes in this whole play. There is a smart exchange of puns and word play between Maria and Sir toby fillpot jug, as they add to the humour of this play, quarrelling and giving their assorted opinions toward Sir Andrew. This brings forward the subplot, giving us an idea that Maria and Sir toby jug are witty characters, though unimportant, being the chela characters, and more unrefined, un meliorate, yet they are clever, and are able to change a word, to their own benefits. For instance, Sir Toby, when being insulted by Maria, says â€Å"Why, let her except, before excepted”. He plays with the word except, and puns. The word ‘except being seen in two ways, in the first manner, ‘let her disagree, before giving me an exception and next, except and accept, sounding the same. This could mean, ‘let her disagree, before accepting me. This is an raiseing and witty part in the play, and particularly in this scene, we can tell that humour is being brought forth, and adding to the gay propose of this play, an important setting of mood in the beginning, to tell us that the play we are about to go deeper into, is light-hearted, and comical.\r\nBesides these points, scene 3 introduces Sir Andrew, a gullible, stupid, wide-ey ed man, who foolishly thinks that he is a suitable petitioner for Olivia. He creates a comical scene, and brings the play closer to our hearts, as we laugh heartily at how Sir Toby and Maria poke fun of Sir Andrew, and insult him, qualification use of his stupidity and denseness. This is an attractive contribution to the opening of the play, as we are immersed in the light-hearted scene of the play, and immediately get a feel of the whole plays atmosphere. We are humoured by the comic display of the trinity minor characters, Maria, Sir Andrew and Sir Toby, and this brings forth the importance of the minor characters in the subplot of the play, and gives us an idea of both the subplot and how it in stages develops in sexual relation us a theme, and sets as a good opening to the play, to prepare us for the play ahead.\r\nThey give us a good start in bringing out one of the central themes of the play, breakout apart conventional definitions of identity and status, where Sir Toby actually publicly makes fun of both Maria and Sir Andrew, at their outlay, and Maria is able to quarrel with Sir Toby, though she is a lowly maid.\r\nAll in all, the initial three scenes of Act I are very reclaimable in serving as a good and effective opening to the play, and authentically prepares us for Twelfth Night †an irrational, improbable plot and play, focusing more on the essence of comedy which have elements of philosophic depth and melancholy, and the themes of love and disguise, full of twists, changes and confusion. With each scene complementing each other, we are welcomed into the play, with an outstanding opening.\r\n8. As an earshot, how does Scene 1-3 serve to arouse our interest and expectations?\r\nThroughout Scene 1-3 of Act 1, there are many ways as to which they serve to arouse our interest and expectations, and preface us deep into the play, and carrying us there, to look forward to the following scene, and on, keeping us open fire up, and interes ted to go on. This is made possible, due to the expression up of tension, and the plot, inclusive of the subplot, which arouses our interest, and allows us to await the next scene, with much anticipation as to what is going to happen next. The characters described also serve to arouse our interest and expectations by having special personalities, which we do not see day by day. Also, their character traits are special, and somehow, sustain us to like and admire them, and at the same time, quite dislike them. This is an interesting and complex idea in the play, and attracts our attention, and causes us to wonder how these characters would end up, and what would happen to them, and their lives.\r\nThe imagery used also amazes us and cause us to read deeper into the play, and understand more about it. The relationship formed between characters creates many different twists to the plot, for instance, the love triangle between Olivia, Viola and Orsino. The confusion of the relationship s and plot adds to the plot and keeps us interested. Also, we are not yet told as to whether Violas brother, Sebastian is actually alive, from, â€Å"O my unequal brother! and so perchance may he be”, she is more hopeful than sure. This gives us a sort of anticipation, and we try to guess whether or not Sebastian is alive, in fact, hope sincerely that Sebastian is alive, as we can feel the hurt of someone losing a love one.\r\nInitially, when Orsino, one of the protagonists of the play is introduced, we get an impression that he is emotional, and wallows in his own emotions, being egoistic and superficial. He is more in love with himself, and the idea of being in love, much more that being truly in love with the person Olivia. This can be seen from how he is very much dependant on the external environment of the surroundings to get into the mood of love, and feels that the right mood is essential for love. This is seen from, â€Å"If music be the food of love, play on† and â€Å"Away before me to sweet beds of flowers/Love thoughts lie rich when canopied with bowers”. From thus, we are curious as to how, Orsino, such a person who likes to whine, and fickle, guided by emotions, could be one of the main characters of the play, henceforth, we go on to grow in interest towards the play.\r\nWe are also amazed at his level of intellectual abilities, and how he is cultured, using descriptive imagery, to express his indulgence in love. His use of flowery language emphasizes on a tone of exaggeration, towards the play, and enacts his nature of being exaggerated, which we later realize in the same scene (scene 1), is similar to Olivia. From this, we can see that Shakespeare arouses our interest by giving us an opportunity to have our own stab at analyzing and comparing the main characters. We are haggard into the play by this, and go deeper into the play, to suffer out more about these interesting characters.\r\nFurthermore, in scene 1, we are i ntroduced and immersed into the atmosphere of love, and romance. This is set in by Orsinos speech, always revolving around love, and his rich use of imagery, his exaggeration in his speech. All these provide comical devices, for instance, the exaggeration in language. Orsino exaggerates what he says, and â€Å"These self-reliant thrones, are all supplied, and filld/Her sweet perfections with one self king!” sends forth this impression that Orsino is egoistic, and exaggerative. This sets the tone of amusement, of the unbelievable, the unrealistic. The imagery also adds to the mood of sentimentality and romance, atmosphere of love and emotions. Thus, we are attracted by the use of language, the exaggeration of it, and drawn by the character Orsino, his infatuation toward Olivia, and we start to wonder, whether this unrequited ‘love, or infatuation, would get any results, or end up to be anything good.\r\nAlso, the similarities between Orsino and Olivia stirs up our inter est and curiosity towards them, and we have an urge to cheat more about them, and learn more about how the plot slowly develops. From initially, we know that Orsino loves Olivia, but Olivia does not concupiscence to show any affections for men at this moment, as she has lost both her father, and her brother, males who were her most loved ones. This is a development of the plot, and we slowly comprehend how the relationships between characters are, and their nature surfaces, and we grow to admire or dislike or like them. In scene 1, the conflict and difference within Orsino himself is evident, as he feels strangled, tortured by this love, and wants the love to die so it would no semipermanent torment him.\r\nWe, however, pity him, as he believes himself to be really and totally in love with Olivia, when actually, he is more in love with himself and the idea of love. We empathise with him, but at the same moment, cannot seem to change over ourselves, that Orsino is a gullible a nd blind lover. This is shown from how can understandably say that â€Å"O spirit of love, how quick and angelic art thou”, yet not be able to realize that his own love for Olivia is nevertheless an infatuation, and at any point of time, could just die, and disappear, within the snap of a finger. From this, we are further indulged in Twelfth Night, as our interest towards the plot and characters grow.\r\nThe use of word play in scene 1, â€Å" hart” and â€Å"heart”, adds to the wit and comical display of the play and arouses our interest. Besides this, the many references to nature in his speech, with â€Å"beds of flowers”, and â€Å"music”, we are reminded of images of true nature and beauty, overwhelming, and sets an underlying tone, of optimism, and allows us to be light-hearted, and look forward to the rest of the play. Also, the play is set in the orbit of Illyria, which is a fictional place, hence giving room for our imaginations to run wild, and mean this place to be similar to that of fairy tales, and allows us to float in our dreams of a perfect place, where such situations seem to happen very often, and love and romance surrounds the land. This brings us back fond memories of fairy tales, and our hopes are rekindled, as we enter into an unrealistic play, where things that happen are more improbable, and certainly, very unlikely to happen to us in everyday lives. Valentine, one of Orsinos servants, as we can tell from his name, is a contribution to the romantic tone and atmosphere of the play.\r\nOlivia, another protagonist of the play, is introduced into the play, through Valentino, and we are given an idea that she is also a highly emotional and sentimental person, rather superficial, trying to earn attention and pity in her mourning towards her unfounded brother, as she is said to be â€Å"In her cloistress, she go away walk veiled” and â€Å"eye-offending brine…all this to normalize a broth ers dead love…keep sweetened in her sad remembrance”. From here, we are told that she wants to always remember the feeling of losing her brother, which shows her superficial understanding towards true love, and feels that the external mourning, would provide a true sense of sincerity and genuine love, which as we can tell. This is a contribution towards the main plot of the story, as another main character of the play is introduced to us, and we are given an idea of the protagonist, and we start to desire to know more about these characters.\r\nIn scene 2, Viola, the main character of the play is clearly introduced into the play of Twelfth Night, set in the coast, contrasting between the settings of the previous scene †Orsinos room. There is a change in speed, from one of slow moving, to one that is active, and not passive. This is a ample change, and hence, we are pushed forward towards the fast pace of eh play, and we are drawn towards the unpredictability and v ariety of events.\r\nWe, as the audience are affected by this change, and are excited, and are interested towards the play, and the plot. Also, in this scene, the theme of disguise and uncertainty in gender, identity and intentions is entered. We are quickly accustom towards this theme, as Viola decides and plans to disguise herself as a eunuch, a symbol of uncertainty towards gender. All these draws us towards the play as we learn more about the characters, and in fact, go deeper into the play, and start to appreciate the use of words, the way they speak, and the themes they bring out.\r\nThere is also a contrast between scene 1 and 2, as scene 2 is set in a more heavy tone, more serious. Viola begins the scene by asking about the foreign land she is in, before asking the captain about her brother, to find out whether he is alive. We are thrown into a fit of guessing within ourselves, and wondering whether Sebastian, Violas twin brother is alive. Also, we are given an idea that Vi ola is interested in Duke Orsino, from, â€Å"Orsino!…He was a live then”, as she mentions nothing else, but the fact that he was single and available then, suggests her previous interest in Orsino. Hence, she tries to get closer to him, by disguising herself, and creating this love triangle, which moves the plot forward. We are henceforth attracted to these building up of the plot, and stay interested in the play.\r\nScene 3 follows to provide us with an idea as to who the minor characters of the play, the people of the subplot are, and how they are like. Sir Toby, Maria and Sir Andrew are thus introduced into the scene, with Sir Toby and Maria with differing opinions towards Sir Andrew. They play with each others words, and we are attracted by their witty nature, and grow to like them, although Sir Toby is a rather rough person, less cultured, and more vulgar, and rough, from how he uses slang like, â€Å"What the plague”. We are also, prompt for the roughnes s of language, for they are speaking in prose, and hence we can tell they are of a lower position and class.\r\nThe jokes Sir Toby cracks are coarse, and at the expense of others, and some, sexual puns, catering to audience of less educated families, and people, who are less cultured. In addition, Sir Andrew, a dewy-eyed man, is the laughing stock of the scene, as he is dense, and slow to understand the puns and word play Sir Toby and Maria wittily speak. He is poked fun at, and still, does not know what is going on. We are ridiculed at his stupidity, but at the same time, cant help laughing and enjoying his existence in the play, to create the comical effect of the play. Another theme of the play, the overturning of positions, of how Sir Toby can overturn Olivias quiet home, to that of a place of uncivilized behaviour.\r\nTherefore, the 3 initial scenes each have their own ways of arousing the attention of the audience, and keep us glued to the play, and not lose interest in just a moment, due to the comical effect of the play, and the different interesting and amusing characters of the play, and the gradually developing plot and subplot of the play.\r\n'

'An integrated critique of kozols and dawkins Essay\r'

'AN INTEGRATED CRITIQUE OF KOZOL’S AND DAWKIN INTRODUCTION Ric knotty Dawkins was born(p) on March 26, in 1941. He is an ethnologist, an developingarily biologists and a popular writer in science. He besides holds the Simonyi Chair, which is designed to promote the understanding of science to national at Oxford University. The first time Dawkins come into the glower and became popular was after writing his obtain ‘The egoistical Gene’ in 1976. This ruin-and-take introduced the term ‘meme’ and consequently helped discover memetics fields. It in any case made ‘ divisor-centered imagine of developing’ popular. Around 1982, he made signifi fuckt contributions toward growing science.\r\nTHE SELFISH GENE BY RICHARD DAWKINS Richard Dawkin’s ‘The egocentric Gene’ was a very popular breeding and to well-nigh extent controversial on ontogenesis. The book elaborates and goes deeper to discuss more about the su rmisal of William’s first ever book to write ‘ adaptation and Natural Selection’. The theory discussed on this book is principal to William’s book. Richard introduced, ‘Selfish Gene’ to lay down and express his views on constituent’s evolution. This view states that evolution acts on genes and when we select some organisms or a population, this pick is normally travelling bagd on the type of genes.\r\n habilitate to his book, an organism must build up since it is the only way of maximizing its ‘inclusive physical fitness’, which refers to the total add of the genes which be transmitted globally, quite than the genes passed on by a particular individual. Consequently, a population tends to learn towards ‘Evolutionarily Stable Strategy’. (Richard, 1990) This ‘ self-centered gene’ came up with the term ‘meme’. ‘Meme refers to a single unit of military man’s cultu re evolution which is analogous to genes. It suggests that this is a ‘ narcissistic’ replication of humane genes, and it toilet affect the culture of human in a totally difference sense.\r\nThere is no doubt that ‘memetics’ evoked a discussion of meme since he published his book. ‘Meme’ is heathen in embodimentation units, which can be transferred from one mind to another. Examples of memes atomic number 18 tunes, clothes fashion, doodad phrases, pot making or building arches. â€Å"Meme’ is justly squ are offd in the theory of memetic, which is comprised of entropy on culture in a unit theory; how evolution of culture or diffusion is blocked, how it propagates form mind to mind and the way a gene propagates from one person or from an organism to an organism.\r\nWhere memes are multiple, they propagate as â€Å"memeplexes’. Meme complexes act as accommodating groups. (Richard, 1990) A ‘gene’ on the other ha nd, is a region that can be located and has a sequence called ‘genomic sequence. This corresponds to an inheritance unit that is closely associated with regions that routine a regulatory function, the regions, which are transcribed, and other regions with usable sequence. The phenotype and physical development of organisms is believed to be productivity of genes, which act among themselves and with their environment. Genes are generally inheritance units.\r\nA gene generally defines human or organism’s characteristic and the functionality of potential products. Genes do not define products but rather they terminate regions. Eukaryotic organisms contain regions, which do not sop up coding regions and are called introns. These are taken away from RNA, which acts as the courier in a process referred to as ‘ splicing’. Exons are regions, which encode the products of gene. A total number of genes, which make a set, is called ‘genome’. The genom e size of an organism is normally low in prokaryotes, which come in base pairs and the gene’s numbers.\r\nThe theorists of meme state that meme evolve finished with(predicate) natural selection, this is similar to biological evolution of Darwin through competition, inheritance, variation and mutation.\r\nTHE ROLE OF CULTURAL EVOLUTION cultural evolution and socio-evolution fall under the umbrella called ‘socio-cultural evolution’. It describes how societies and cultures have come into being over time. heathenish theories provide us with models to enhance our understanding on the relationship between our social structure, technologies and society determine; and give reasons why and how they change gradually.\r\nThey change to a degree to which circumstantial mechanisms of social change are described. (Richard 1990) Around twentieth and 19th century, there were approaches, which were aimed to give models for human potpourri evolution. The argument is that the social development of diverse societies is not in the same stage. The recent approaches of the 20th century emphasize on changes, which are specific to a society as an individual and contort down social progress and directional change. Archeologists and anthropologists map modern theories as the framework of socio-cultural evolution.\r\nSociobiology and neo-evolutionism are some of modern approaches employed to cultural evolution. Richard Dawkins, the ethnologist discovered ‘meme’. According to his book, â€Å"TheSelfish Gene’ 1976, likened human’s cultural evolution unit to a gene. His argument was that replication happens in the culture, through in a different sense. Dawkins contends that meme, which resides in the brain represents units of information and it is the replicator that controls mutation in cultural evolution of humans. This forms a pattern, which has the power to influence surroundings, that is, it can propagate and possesses causal age ncy.\r\nHowever, his theory caused a heat debate among biologists, sociologists and scientists from other disciplines. Dawkins failed to given adequate account about the information units replicates, in organism’s brain, how it can control the behaviour of a human being and finally culture. It is apparent that it was not Dawkins role to give the theory of memetics. Comprehensively in the selfish gene, he coined the word meme in a kind of speculative spirit. In the same sense, ‘unit of information was given different definitions by different scientists. (Richard 1990).\r\nMEME AND rearing It is not entirely impossible though it is hard to debate the subject matter of the functions of emotions in reproduction system if we are lacking the right lyric poem to sufficiently discuss the topic. This is the scenario when we reach a guide on of discussing the functional role of ‘emotional intelligence’ because it has got to do with the needs of our younger bro thers and sisters as well as great grandchildren and become randomally and mathematically beneficial so as they can exist and fit in the competition which is characterized by technological advancement.\r\n legion(predicate) educators are failing because they lack words such(prenominal) as ‘eipiphiny’ and ‘mehme’ and hence do not have words, which play an important role of ‘emotional intelligence,’ and how it relates to stochastic and mathematical literacy sufficiently and appropriately address attempts that can be made. The outcome is a system of command that is believed to be failing.\r\nIf the kids can experience and feel eipiphinies and MEHMES, kids ordain definitely love maths, and see its relevance to their lives daily. It also contributes a feeling of self-confident. The key here is to create the terms mehme and eipiphiny. Introduction of mehme and eipiphiny may have a positive effect if incorporated in the meme selection process.\r\n '

'Mr. Smith Goes to Washington\r'

'Politics can be botch and extremely ugly. In Mr. smith goes to Washington, Jefferson metalworker is ordained as a new member of the senate. Jefferson metalworker was too idealistic and uninitiate to be a senator in American government during this time of corruption. Mr. smith was too naive to survive as a senator during the time the movie â€Å"Mr. smith Goes to Washington” took place. Mr. metalworker’s naivete was seen in his proposal to bring a national boys camp.After this proposal during the senate, false allegations towards Smith’s motives surfaced, and he was too idealistic to reason himself against the political machine that was accusing him of self-interest. Making matters worse, Senator Smith was a genuinely honest and simple-minded humanness, devising it difficult for him to survive with his corrupt colleagues. Mr. Smith clear showed his lack of government and knowledge of it. Jefferson Smith was a senator and did not even know how a bill b ecomes a law.Smith was like a fish erupt of water in the senate and needed a plentitude of help from his assistant Saunders. Senator Smith was not wellhead educated and clearly not the right man for the job. But some might say that he was a weak hero in manners. Jefferson had authorization in the government because of his integrity, care, and honesty. These are qualities that most senators were deficient and still are. Jefferson Smith was too idealistic and naive to be successful as a senator loss up against a huge political machine. Smith lacks savvy and smoothness but overcomes his trials with persistence and dedication.\r\n'

'JCS Technology Essay\r'

'I. Introduction\r\nJCS applied science is a pocketable IT gild that is owned by Steve Puzder. Steve employs ex employees of which six argon full measure, two ar part time, and two argon contractors. JCS Technology has been in business for 5 years. individu every(prenominal)y the employees dumb ground been with JCS Technology for 5 years. The six full time employees be slang an hourly rate along with shutting bonuses, the part time employees argon feed an hourly rate, and the contractors argon salaried per job along with expiration bonuses.\r\nJCS Technology has a small po hug drugcy and much than or less of the work is d nonp beil hap forwardside of the office. There is one full time person in the office all the rest of the employees work 95% of their time outside the office. Employees argon paid e rattling week with calendar monthly bonuses.\r\nThe IT field is al behaviors changing thence JCS Technology posts education reimburse custodyt which to a fau lt includes any tests that indispensability to be necessitaten to get certifications that bequeath donjon on the employees up to date in their skills. Each employee has a caller issued laptop and cell phone. Flex computer syllabusming is also offered along with one week paid holiday. We are acquittance to pure tone at chalk uping paid geographical mileage as most employees arouse to acknowledge on to get to the job lay and the job site dissolve transport more than once a day. We will also look at medical checkup foreboding as we don’t hump what is spillage away to happen with Obama Care. Then lastly we are passing to look at a 401k. each(prenominal) of JCS Technology’s employees are fairly young person so we are release to see what it is going to take to puff this beau monde grow as they grow.\r\nI. State custodyt of troubles\r\nJCS Technology is a very small and young union which does non deplete a very high profit margin. Along wi th universe a young keep go with the employees are also young and all single males. With only ten employees and six of them are full-time Steve has non investigateed a benefit package other than the affairs that are infallible to perform the tasks to complete their job. afterward looking at three other small IT companies JCS Technology seems to offer close to the same benefits as his competitors. I did happen upon that most IT companies do offer around typesetters case of car al depressive disorderance as in that location is a lot of travel time. I did a ac association of all the employees that Steve employs and found that at that discover are slightly benefits that the employees would aid to see and others that are not of fast concern. I asked the employees to rank a group of benefits in order of importance to them. These benefits include more vacation time, flex scheduling, car allowance, wellness vexation, bonuses, and a privacy final cause.\r\nII. Literatu re Review\r\nThere is a large-minded range of benefits that whitethorn be offered such as educational, family, spiritednessstyle, recreational, retire custodyt, savings, and transportation. Other benefits that are mandatory are companionable Security, Medicare, unemployment insurance policy, worker’s compensation, COBRA, and FMLA. Benefits are incentives to attract and keep good employees and are also a way of meeting the needs and wants of employees. Another role of benefits is to cater income shield to workers lacking income. Five principal types of income protection delivered by benefits are:\r\n(1) disability income replacement, (2) medical write off reimbursement, (3) retirement income replacement, (4) involuntary unemployment income replacement, and (5) replacement income for survivors. (Dave Mote, 2011) Many consumers bring forth random choices, follow the advice of others, or pick a plan that may include a situation medical group. A survey was conducted of 1 ,800 enrollees and patient in Iowa. It was conducted by the Health Institute at the unfermented England Medical Center Hospitals, Boston, with a grant from the antic A. Hartford Foundation. None of the plans received excellent ratings.”I conceive of we’re headed toward more consumer choice among competing wellness plans, and the choice will be largely located by survey results such as this one,” says capital of Minnesota Pietzsch, HPCI president. Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Iowa are reviewing the study and would interchangeable participate in some other study alone would like to revise some of the questions. [ (Bergman, 1993) ]\r\nDo consumer-driven health care plans offer a more leaveable health care plan? Myth has it that CDH plans do not reduce the be but rather shifts them. Data found that thither was almost a 14% difference in favor of the CDH plans he study also showed that CDH plans do not â€Å"cherry pick” the youngest, healthiest, and richest. The data also shows that enrollment in CDH covers healthy along with chronically ill. It also looked at two chronic conditions and showed that the medical costs tend to less for customers of a CDH plan. [ (Reindl, 2010) ]\r\nIII. disregard Analysis\r\nJCS Technology is a small friendship that does not offer any health care plans. Steve feels that he is a small come with and quarternot afford offer this type of benefit. With Obama care in the bordering future we looked at if heath care is something that open fire be offered now or in the attached future. Right now the tax credit is 35 percent of the cost that a company paid premiums that increasing to 50 percent in 2014. After interviewing the six full time employees of JCS Technology I found that health care is not a major concern of the men right now. Bob, Joe, and surface-to-air missile being the oldest of the group stated that they would like to learn some type of retirement plan verses health care. Jesse, Cody , and Ric unvoiced being the youngest of the group stated that they would like more vacation time. Over half the guys said they would like a fitness programme. All of the employees stated that they would like a car allowance as there is a lot of travel time affect in their jobs.\r\nIV. Issue Analysis\r\nWe are going to look into maybe offering AFLAC in the place of health care coverage right now. The employees are being paid a modest pay for the size of the company, but the men have show that they are not really sure about pay anything towards health care at this time. We have time before Obama care goes into effect so the men will begin to look more heavily at heath care following(a) year maybe in place of the bonuses that they are getting right now. Since all the employees have been with the company for five years we will look at adding one more week of vacation also we may also give the men an hazard to sully extra vacation old age.\r\nWe are going to look at the gas milea ge that from apiece one of the employees are getting with their car and look at getting a company gas observance for the crew to use. If the gas mileage is low on average then we will figure out a fair amount to pay per mile that each employee drives on monthly bases. Next we are going to look into a fitness program for the employees. Since all the employees are young and male we are going to hire a nutritionist and add a quit smoking program. We are going to check the topical anaesthetic recreation center and the local gyms to get the best offer for memberships for all the employees this will also include the part-time employees.\r\nV Issue effects\r\nAfter some research we have found that there is wide range of health care programs. Rather than get a blood to set up a company program we looked at individual plans. The plans get going from 93 dollars a month for a very high deductable ($10,000) to $610 a month for a low deductable. The men are young and healthy, but are on the road for about 30% of their time. It would be nice if the men had a health care plan just in case but do we offer the high deductable with the company stipendiary the premium or offer a humiliate deductable with the employees paying part of the premium. When questioning the men they did not want to give up any pay to get better health benefits.\r\nIf the company bread the bonus program then there is live for some health care. If we stop the bonus program the men will be up-set as each one of them as expressed that they do not want to give up any cash for health care. Bob, Jesse, Richard, and Cody said that they would really like a fitness program, Frank, Sam, Terry, and Jack said that they would like a car allowance of some kind. All the men expect for Richard and Bob would like more vacation time. None of the men are interested in a retirement plan. Five of the men dirty dog and only two would like to quit. With infinitesimal advert to the bottom line we empennage add a fitness program. For the men that wish to quit smoking we are going to offer them and incentive to quit them upon them completing one year of non-smoking.\r\nVI Solution and its Implementation\r\nI have found it hard to work out a plan that all the men would be happy with. With an annual payment of $50,000 plus a year the men are quite happy the way things are as far as their salary goes. As of January 1, 2012 the company will no longer be offering completion bonuses which will equal to about $5,000 a year. Each man will be offered a yearly membership to the gym of their choice. The men that grass will be offered help to quit smoking. We have decide that if the men are interested in a health care plan that they can get one on their own and the company will pay 50% of the premium up to $3,000 a year.\r\nEach of the men will be given a $100 a month gas allowance as we found that each person drives about 500 miles a month. Those employees that claim not to get health insurance th e company will reimburse 50% of their car insurance as a replacement. We have decided not to add any more paid vacation time at this present time but we are going to offer a buy vacation time: each employee will be able to buy three vacation days at the rate of $50 per pay period. The men are bountiful up a little when it comes to the bonus that they will not longer receive but Steve and I feel that we have come up with a plan that everyone can live with.\r\nVII Justification\r\nSteve really cute to try and offer his men the best things that he could and things that would accommodate out a difference to each one of the men. The men that work for Steve are like family to him and he tries to make his company one that each man can take pride in working for. We cast that we took what each person had to say and applied it to the decisions that we made. The men really did not want to give up any cash that they were making but we moot that what we are offering will make up any money that we may have taken away. We looked to see what the changes would cost the company and the benefits to each the company and the employees and feel that we did the best for everyone.\r\nVIII Reflection\r\n meet with Steve and his employees was very enjoyable. I have not had the happen to meet with a company and discuss things that could change a year or more of a person’s life. The thought of making life changing decisions for someone else is pretty scary. You try to make everyone happy but you can’t you have to make the best decisions for the company. If you make the wrong choices for the company it could be devastating. I have lettered that it would be wonderful if you could please everyone which for a small company like the one that I looked at it may be possible but not probable. bighearted companies have to look at the bottom line where I think that some smaller companies may have lee way in their thinking.\r\nAll the men that work for Steve were get in givin g me their honest feed back about what they would have like see happen with their benefits. I had to take a step back and stop and think what was best for the company in the end. I wanted to give the men what they were asking for but then I knew it was my job to do the best thing for the company. I know that it was a small company that I worked with and a larger company is going to have more issues to look at and I look forward to the day that I can put to work what I have learned in this class and doing this project. I know that my research will not end here because there are so many more benefits that I want to take a closer look at. Such as the tax credits for health care and other credits that larger companies receive.\r\n'